你知道不锈钢加工需要注意什么吗？

发布人：http://www.sftfgd.com   发布时间：2018-07-19 10:17:48

通常，人们把含铬量大于12%或含镍量大于8%的合金钢叫不锈钢。这种钢在大气中或在腐蚀性介质中具有一定的耐蚀能力，并在较高温度(>450℃)下具有较高的强度。含铬量达16%～18%的钢称为耐酸钢或耐酸不锈钢，习惯上通称为不锈钢。不锈钢加工零件工艺及相关刀具参数设计与普通结构钢材料应具有较大的不同，其具体加工工艺如下：

Usually, the alloy steel with chromium content greater than 12% or nickel content greater than 8% is called stainless steel. This steel has certain corrosion resistance in atmosphere or corrosive medium, and has higher strength at higher temperature (>450 C). The steel with chromium content of 16% to 18% is called acid resistant steel or acid resistant stainless steel, which is commonly known as stainless steel. The processing technology of stainless steel parts and the design of relevant tool parameters should be quite different from those of ordinary structural steels.

1、钻孔加工。在钻孔加工时，由于不锈钢材料导热性能差，弹性模量小，孔加工起来也比较困难。解决此类材料的孔加工难题，主要是选用合适的刀具材料。

1. Drilling. In drilling process, because of the poor thermal conductivity and small elastic modulus of stainless steel, the machining of holes is difficult. To solve this problem, it is mainly to choose suitable tool materials.

2、镗孔加工：

2. Boring processing:

（1）刀具几何参数。刀具几何参数对其切削性能起重要的作用，为使切削轻快、顺利，硬质合金刀具宜采用较大的前角，以提高刀具寿命。一般粗加工时，前角取10°～20°，半精加工时取15°～20°；精加工时取20°～30°。主偏角的选择依据是，当工艺系统刚性良好时，可取30°～45°；如工艺系统刚性差时，则取60～75°，当工件长度与直径之比超过10倍时，可取90°。

(1) the geometric parameters of the tool. The geometric parameters of the cutter play an important role in the cutting performance. In order to make the cutting light and smooth, the hard alloy tools should adopt the larger front angle to improve the tool life. In general rough machining, the front angle takes 10 to 20 degrees, while the semi finishing process takes 15 to 20 degrees, while the finishing process takes 20 degrees to 30 degrees. The choice of the main angle is that when the process system has a good rigidity, it is advisable to be 30 to 45 degrees; if the rigidity of the process system is poor, it is 60~75 degrees, and when the ratio of the length to diameter of the workpiece is more than 10 times, it is advisable to be 90 degrees.

（2）前刀面刃磨时粗糙度值要小。为避免出现切屑粘刀现象，刀具的前、后刀面应仔细刃磨以保证具有较小的粗糙度值，从而减少切屑流出阻力，避免切屑粘刀。

(2) the roughness of the blade surface is small when the front blade is sharpened. In order to avoid the phenomenon of chip cutter, the front and rear face of the cutter should be carefully sharpened to ensure that it has smaller roughness value, thus reducing the resistance of chip outflow and avoiding the chip cutter.

（3）刀具材料选择。西安通风管道加工厂家认为因加工不锈钢零件时切削力大、切削温度高，刀具材料应尽量选择强度高、导热性好硬质合金。对于此类材料淬火零件的加工，可以采用CBN（立方氮化硼）刀片，CBN硬度仅次于金刚石，硬度可达7000～8000HV，因此耐磨性很高，与金刚石相比，CBN突出优点是耐热性比金刚石高得多，可达1200℃，可承受很高的切削温度。

(3) tool material selection. Xi'an ventilation pipe manufacturers think that because of the high cutting force and high cutting temperature for the processing of stainless steel parts, the cutting tool material should try to choose the hard alloy with high strength and good thermal conductivity. For the processing of this kind of material, CBN (cubic boron nitride) blade can be used, the hardness of CBN is only second to diamond, the hardness can reach 7000 ~ 8000HV, so the wear resistance is very high. Compared with the diamond, the outstanding advantage of CBN is that the heat resistance is much higher than that of the diamond, and it can reach a high cutting temperature.