黑白铁加工的基本原理，你了解吗

发布人：http://www.sftfgd.com   发布时间：2018-09-11 14:13:44

黑白铁加工淬火是一种热处理工艺。高温度保温一段时间后，使之全部或是部分奥氏体化，然后以大于临界冷却的速度实现转变的热处理工艺。通常是将铝合金、铜合金、钢化玻璃等材料的固溶处理或是带有快速冷却过程的热处理工艺称之为淬火。退火是一种黑白铁加工热处理工艺，除此之外还有正火、回火。

Quenching process is a kind of heat treatment process. After holding at high temperature for a period of time, the whole or part of the austenite, and then more than the critical cooling rate to achieve transformation of the heat treatment process. Usually the solid solution treatment of aluminum alloy, copper alloy, tempered glass and other materials or the heat treatment process with rapid cooling process is called quenching. Annealing is a black-and-white iron processing heat treatment process, in addition to normalizing and tempering.

退火指的是将金属缓慢加热到一定的温度，保持足够的时间，之后以适宜速度实现冷却。目的是降低其硬度，改善切削的加工性能，残余应力，稳定尺寸，而减少变形与裂纹的倾向，细化晶粒和调整组织，组织的缺陷。退火工艺随目的之不同是有多种的，如等温的退火、均匀化与球化退火、去除应力与再结晶退火及稳定化退火、磁场退火等。

Annealing refers to slowly heating the metal to a certain temperature, holding enough time, and then cooling at an appropriate rate. The aim is to reduce the hardness, improve the machining performance, eliminate the residual stress, stabilize the size, reduce the tendency of deformation and crack, refine the grain and adjust the structure, and eliminate the defects of the structure. Annealing processes vary according to the purpose, such as isothermal annealing, homogenization and spheroidization annealing, stress removal and recrystallization annealing, stabilization annealing, magnetic field annealing, etc.

正火是将钢加热到临界点，保温一定时间之后，在静止的空气中冷却的热处理工艺称之为正火。正火能细化的晶粒，提高黑白铁加工的冲击韧度和综合力学性能。黑白铁加工经淬火加高温回火的热处理工艺称之为调质处理，调质处理后可得到强塑性、韧性都比较好的综合力学性能。黑白铁加工通过热处理可以充分发挥钢材潜力，以提高工件的使用性能，减轻工件的实际重量，节约材料和降低成本，还能延长工件的实际使用寿命。

Normalizing is a heat treatment process in which steel is heated to a critical point and cooled in still air for a certain period of time. Normalizing can refine grain and improve the impact toughness and comprehensive mechanical properties of ferrous and ferrous metals. The quenching and tempering process of black and white iron is called quenching and tempering. After quenching and tempering, the comprehensive mechanical properties with good strength, plasticity and toughness can be obtained. Black and white iron processing through heat treatment can give full play to the potential of steel to improve the workpiece performance, reduce the actual weight of the workpiece, save materials and reduce costs, but also extend the actual service life of the workpiece.

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