人防地下室通风管道安装要注意什么？

发布人：http://www.sftfgd.com   发布时间：2021-12-21 16:48:53

（1）管头制作不合格。钢板风管的管头应加角钢法兰连接。钢板应翻转到角钢上，并缠绕在管头周围，以避免空气泄漏（2）橡胶垫不相交。橡胶垫片应沿接头法兰成圈连接。但是，施工往往不精细，橡胶垫上有断条，尤其是四角，导致漏气（3）螺栓不紧。法兰接头应采用螺栓连接。螺栓松动是空气泄漏的主要原因。螺栓不紧，通常位于通风管靠墙或靠顶板的一侧。原因是由于设计或施工原因，

(1) The pipe head is unqualified. The pipe head of steel plate air duct shall be connected with angle steel flange. The steel plate shall be turned over to the angle steel and wound around the pipe head to avoid air leakage. (2) the rubber gasket shall not intersect. The rubber gasket shall be connected in circles along the joint flange. However, the construction is often not fine, and there are broken strips on the rubber gasket, especially the four corners, resulting in air leakage (3) Loose bolts. Flange joints shall be bolted. Loose bolts are the main cause of air leakage. Loose bolts are usually located on the side of the ventilation pipe against the wall or roof. The reason is due to design or construction reasons,

管道离顶板或侧墙太近，螺栓安装困难。处理方法：对于小截面管道，可采用先连接后就位的施工方法。对于大截面风管，可采取措施进入风管连接封堵

The pipeline is too close to the top plate or side wall, so it is difficult to install bolts. Treatment method: for small section pipes, the construction method of connecting first and then in place can be adopted. For large section air duct, measures can be taken to connect and block the air duct

管件安装

Pipe fitting installation

（1）散流器出风口。扩散器出口与通风管的连接段应为硬连接；如果软连接使用帆布接头，软管段的长度不得超过150mm。超过150mm时，必须硬连接（2）百叶风口。百叶风口的制造应标准、美观、灵活。然而，大多数工艺都很粗糙，开关也不灵活，因为它们不是按照标准图纸制造的。铁皮风管在就位前不会打开，但在就位后会在空气中打开。这样，出风口边缘与风管之间的连接很难平整光滑（3）防烟防火阀。防烟防火阀对消防排烟管道上的防烟区起控制作用。阀体上设有手动操作手柄和观察孔，以便在操作时观察阀门内数百页的动作

(1) Diffuser outlet. The connection section between diffuser outlet and ventilation pipe shall be hard connection; if canvas joint is used for soft connection, the length of hose section shall not exceed 150mm. When it exceeds 150mm, it must be hard connection (2) Louver vent. The manufacturing of louver vent should be standard, beautiful and flexible. However, most processes are very rough and the switch is not flexible, because they are not manufactured according to the standard drawings. The iron sheet air duct will not open before it is in place, but will open in the air after it is in place. In this way, the connection between the edge of the air outlet and the air duct is difficult to be smooth (3) Smoke and fire damper. The smoke and fire damper controls the smoke control area on the fire smoke exhaust pipe. The valve body is equipped with a manual operating handle and an observation hole to observe the action of hundreds of pages in the valve during operation

在工程实践中，经常发现操作手柄和观察孔的一侧靠墙安装，甚无法观察到间隙。安装电动防火阀，在其阀体上设置吊架固定

In engineering practice, it is often found that one side of the operating handle and observation hole is installed against the wall, and even the gap can not be observed. Install the electric fire damper, and set a hanger on its valve body for fixing

（4）防火阀。防火阀是当进入排烟管的烟火温度超过规定温度时，自动熔断熔断丝、落下阀板并切断气流的装置

(4) Fire damper. Fire damper is a device that automatically fuses the fuse, drops the valve plate and cuts off the air flow when the pyrotechnic temperature entering the smoke exhaust pipe exceeds the specified temperature

安装在排烟管上的防火阀具有方向性，不得反向安装。如果反向安装，则不会起到防火作用。防火阀有两种类型：70℃和280℃。70℃为防烟防火阀，常开；280℃为排烟防火阀，排烟时常闭常开。

The fire damper installed on the smoke exhaust pipe shall be directional and shall not be installed in reverse. If installed in reverse, it will not play a fire prevention role. There are two types of fire dampers: 70 ℃ and 280 ℃. 70 ℃ is smoke and fire damper, normally open; 280 ℃ is the smoke exhaust fire damper, which is often closed and normally open.

吊顶主龙骨、次龙骨应与送排风口错开，即吊顶主龙骨、次龙骨不得出现在出风口下方。如果发生这种情况，请更改龙骨的位置或断开次龙骨。不允许通过软连接绕过龙骨，如图5.4.4所示。

The main keel and secondary keel of the ceiling shall be staggered with the air supply and exhaust outlet, that is, the main keel and secondary keel of the ceiling shall not appear below the air outlet. If this happens, change the position of the keel or disconnect the secondary keel. It is not allowed to bypass the keel through soft connection, as shown in Figure 5.4 4.

安装除尘器。战时使用的除尘器和过滤吸收器可能不是在和平时期安装，而是在战前安装。但是，粗集尘器应在平时安装，尤其是在平时和战时工程中。为保证送风质量，平时也需进行除尘

Install the dust collector. Dust collectors and filter absorbers used in wartime may not be installed in peacetime, but before war. However, the coarse dust collector should be installed in peacetime, especially in peacetime and wartime projects. In order to ensure the air supply quality, dust removal is also required at ordinary times

油幕除尘器是由不同尺寸的多层金属滤网组成的除尘设备，经油挂处理后堆放在一起，安装在金属框架内。油网除尘器是人防工程通风系统中的常用设备，是过滤吸收器的前保护装置。过滤器-吸收器由过滤器和吸收器组成。由于过滤器中使用的过滤材料比较致密，容易被大颗粒堵塞，缩短使用寿命。因此，需要在其前面设置一个油网除尘器，去除大颗粒，以保证过滤吸收器的正常使用，延长其使用寿命。

Oil curtain dust remover is a dust removal equipment composed of multi-layer metal filters of different sizes. It is stacked together after oil hanging treatment and installed in the metal frame. Oil screen dust collector is a common equipment in the ventilation system of civil air defense engineering. It is the front protection device of filter absorber. Filter absorber consists of filter and absorber. Because the filter material used in the filter is relatively dense, it is easy to be blocked by large particles and shorten the service life. Therefore, an oil screen dust collector needs to be set in front of it to remove large particles first, so as to ensure the normal use of the filter absorber and prolong its service life.

油网除尘器在保护放射性粉尘方面起着极其重要的作用。放射性尘埃是核武器爆炸产生的杀伤力。空气中飘浮的放射性粉尘一旦进入人防工程，很难。防御工事的内部将长期受到放射性射线的影响，这将直接威胁到人们的生命。如果安装了油网除尘器，油网上可能会堵塞大量放射性粉尘。适当时，可以拆除、挖掘和深埋油网，将防御工事内的放射性损害降。由于油网除尘器的重要作用，在进风系统中设置油网除尘器。油网除尘器有两种安装方式

Oil net dust collector plays an extremely important role in protecting radioactive dust. Radioactive dust is the lethality of nuclear weapon explosions. Once the radioactive dust floating in the air enters the civil air defense project, it is difficult to eliminate it. The interior of the fortification will be affected by radioactive rays for a long time, which will directly threaten people's life and safety. If an oil screen dust collector is installed, a large amount of radioactive dust may be blocked on the oil screen. When appropriate, the oil network can be dismantled, excavated and deeply buried to minimize radioactive damage in the fortification. Due to the important role of oil net dust collector, oil net dust collector is set in the air inlet system. There are two installation modes of oil net dust collector

一种是管式安装，另一种是垂直安装。当风量较大时，一般垂直安装。垂直安装有两个好处：

One is tubular installation, the other is vertical installation. When the air volume is large, it is generally installed vertically. Vertical installation has two benefits:

，风量大。立式安装可根据风量要求灵活选择油网除尘器的数量，适用于大风量系统。第二，当油网除尘器的通风阻力达到规定值时，项目使用时应更换油网。油网除尘器滤网是一种剧毒载体和二次毒源。在更换过程中，环境可能会再次受到污染。垂直安装的除尘器有一个特殊的腔室。穿戴防毒服和口罩的人员进入室内，关闭检查闭门，在除尘器室内进行更换操作，对气体过滤室的污染影响小得多。

First, the air volume is large. Vertical installation can flexibly select the number of oil net dust collectors according to the air volume requirements, which is suitable for large air volume systems. Second, when the ventilation resistance of the oil net dust collector reaches the specified value, the oil net shall be replaced when the project is used. The filter screen of oil screen dust collector is a highly toxic carrier and secondary poison source. During the replacement process, the environment may be contaminated again. The vertical mounted dust collector has a special chamber. Personnel wearing anti-virus clothing and masks enter the room, close the inspection door, and carry out replacement operation in the dust collector room, which has a much smaller impact on the pollution of the gas filter room.

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